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Before becoming monastic land, the Almohads in the twelfth century gave it use locating in the place potters kilns firing taking advantage of its location next to the river and given the existing abundance of clays that were extracted by carving caves (later would continue with the extraction of clay also the potters of Triana), and there is a legend from around the year 1248 that tells that an image of the Virgin Mary was found in one of the caves (it is assumed that it was hidden during the Muslim period), thereafter the Ermita Santa Maria de las Cuevas is built to venerate the icon, in the late fourteenth century, was directed by the Franciscan Order.

La Cartuja Monastery and Andalusian Center of Modern Art

Over time the devotion increased until the year 1400 when it changed to Monastery, founded by the then Archbishop of Seville, Don Gonzalo de Mena (who died the following year due to an epidemic) helped by the noble Ruy Gonzalez de Medina, the Franciscans were moved to Aljarafe and the land was added extensive properties. Being a member of one of the most renowned families, he left his mark on the monument by placing the family heraldic coat of arms at the entrances and main rooms. The death of the Archbishop left the monument in a difficult situation because the funds donated by Gonzalo de Mena were used by the regent Don Fernando de Antequera (during the childhood of Juan II) to pay for his military campaigns. Years later, another member of the Sevillian aristocracy, the Adelantado Mayor don Perafán de Ribera, of the House of Alcalá, subsidized the construction of the church and was responsible for the maintenance of the monastery as long as he had the right to be buried in the building and his heraldic arms took the place of those of the Archbishop. The Veraguas family also contributed goods for its survival. At the end of the 15th century, the Carthusian Order was established in the monastery, founded by Saint Bruno, who founded the first Carthusian monastery in 1084 in the mountains of the Chartreuse massif in France.

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